09 January 2026

#RAG

Key Concepts


S.NoTopicSub Topic
1 RAG RAG, Why RAG, RAG vs Fine-Tuning, RAG Architecture, Use Cases
2 LLM & RAG LLM Limitations, Hallucinations, Knowledge Cutoff, Grounding, Context Window
3 Document Processing PDF, Word, HTML, Markdown, CSV, JSON, OCR Basics
4 Data Ingestion Data Sources, ETL Pipeline, Document Loaders, Metadata Extraction
5 Text Chunking Fixed Chunking, Recursive Chunking, Semantic Chunking, Sliding Window, Parent-Child Chunking
6 Embeddings Embedding Concepts, Dense Vectors, Sparse Vectors, Embedding Models
7 Embedding Models OpenAI Embeddings, BGE, E5, Sentence Transformers, Voyage AI
8 Vector Databases ChromaDB, FAISS, Qdrant, Milvus, pgvector, Pinecone
9 Vector Indexing HNSW, IVF, Flat Index, ANN Search, Index Optimization
10 Similarity Search Cosine Similarity, Euclidean Distance, Dot Product, KNN Search
11 Metadata Filtering Tags, Document Filtering, Date Filters, User Filters, Hybrid Filters
12 Retrieval Strategies Dense Retrieval, Sparse Retrieval, Hybrid Retrieval, Multi-Query Retrieval
13 Re-ranking Cross Encoder, BGE Reranker, Cohere Reranker, Score Fusion
14 Context Engineering Context Selection, Context Compression, Token Budget, Prompt Context
15 Prompt Engineering for RAG Grounded Prompts, Citation Prompts, Context Injection, Output Constraints
16 RAG Pipeline Loader-> Chunker->Embedder->Vector DB-> Retriever->Prompt->LLM
17 Advanced RAG Parent-Child Retrieval, Multi-Vector Retrieval, Graph RAG, Agentic RAG
18 Query Transformation Query Expansion, HyDE, Rewrite Queries, Decomposition
19 RAG Evaluation Precision, Recall, Hit Rate, RAGAS, DeepEval, Human Evaluation
20 Observability LangSmith, OpenTelemetry, Logging, Tracing, Token Monitoring
21 Security Prompt Injection, Secure Retrieval, PII Detection, Access Control
22 Frameworks LangChain, LlamaIndex, Spring AI, LangChain4j, Haystack
23 Java RAG Development Spring AI, LangChain4j, PostgreSQL, pgvector
24 Python RAG Development LangChain, LlamaIndex, FastAPI, ChromaDB
25 Enterprise RAG Knowledge Base, Enterprise Search, Document AI, Compliance
26 Performance Optimization Embedding Cache, Retrieval Cache, Streaming, Parallel Retrieval
27 Deployment Docker, Kubernetes, Azure AI Foundry, AWS Bedrock
28 Real-Time Projects PDF Chatbot, Enterprise Search, Banking Assistant, Legal Assistant
29 Advanced Topics Graph RAG, Multimodal RAG, Agentic RAG, Knowledge Graphs
30 Interview Preparation RAG Architecture, Design Patterns, Optimization, Common Interview Questions

Interview Question



What is RAG and why is it important for AI applications?
What is Retrieval-Augmented Generation and how does it work?
What are the main components of a RAG architecture?
What is the difference between RAG and traditional LLM applications?
What is the difference between RAG and fine-tuning?
What is the difference between RAG and prompt engineering?
What are the advantages of using RAG?
What are the limitations of RAG?
What are the major types of RAG architectures?
What is Naive RAG?
What is Advanced RAG?
What is Modular RAG?
What is Graph RAG?
What is Agentic RAG?
What is the difference between Naive RAG, Advanced RAG, and Agentic RAG?
What is the RAG ingestion pipeline?
What is the RAG retrieval pipeline?
What is the RAG generation pipeline?
What is document ingestion in RAG?
What are the common data sources used in RAG systems?
What is document parsing in RAG?
What is document cleaning in RAG?
What is document normalization in RAG?
What is document chunking in RAG?
What are the different document chunking strategies?
What is fixed-size chunking?
What is recursive character chunking?
What is semantic chunking?
What is sentence-based chunking?
What is paragraph-based chunking?
What is hierarchical chunking?
What is parent-child chunking?
What is contextual chunking?
What is chunk overlap and why is it important?
How do you determine the optimal chunk size?
What happens when chunks are too small?
What happens when chunks are too large?
What are embeddings in RAG?
How do embedding models work?
What is the difference between sparse and dense embeddings?
What is semantic similarity?
What is cosine similarity in RAG?
What is Euclidean distance in vector search?
What is dot-product similarity?
How do you select an embedding model for RAG?
What is a vector database?
Why is a vector database required for RAG?
What are the popular vector databases used in RAG?
What is the difference between a vector database and a traditional database?
What is an index in a vector database?
What is approximate nearest neighbor search?
What is HNSW in vector search?
What is IVF in vector search?
What is vector metadata and why is it important?
What is metadata filtering in RAG?
What is hybrid search in RAG?
What is the difference between keyword search and semantic search?
What is BM25 and how is it used in RAG?
What is hybrid retrieval using BM25 and vector search?
What is query embedding?
What is query transformation in RAG?
What is query expansion?
What is query rewriting?
What is query decomposition?
What is multi-query retrieval?
What is hypothetical document embedding in RAG?
What is HyDE and how does it improve retrieval?
What is reranking in RAG?
Why is reranking important in RAG?
What is a cross-encoder reranker?
What is the difference between bi-encoder and cross-encoder retrieval?
What is top-k retrieval?
How do you determine the optimal top-k value?
What is context compression in RAG?
What is contextual relevance in RAG?
What is the role of the LLM in a RAG pipeline?
How does an LLM consume retrieved context?
What is context injection in RAG?
What is prompt construction in RAG?
How do you design an effective RAG prompt?
What is citation-aware generation in RAG?
How can RAG reduce LLM hallucinations?
Why can hallucinations still occur in RAG systems?
What are common RAG failure modes?
What is retrieval failure in RAG?
What is generation failure in RAG?
What is the difference between retrieval relevance and answer relevance?
What is the lost-in-the-middle problem in RAG?
What is context window limitation in RAG?
How do you handle very large documents in RAG?
How do you handle duplicate documents in RAG?
How do you handle stale information in a RAG knowledge base?
How do you implement incremental indexing in RAG?
How do you implement real-time document updates in RAG?
What is multimodal RAG?
What is image-based RAG?
What is PDF RAG and how is it implemented?
What is table-aware RAG?
What is Graph RAG and how does it differ from vector RAG?
What is knowledge graph-based RAG?
What is Agentic RAG?
How do AI agents improve RAG systems?
What is an agentic retrieval workflow?
How can an AI agent decide which retriever or tool to use?
How can RAG be integrated with tool calling?
How can RAG be integrated with MCP?
How can RAG be implemented using LangChain?
How can RAG be implemented using LangGraph?
How can RAG be implemented using Spring AI?
How can RAG be implemented using Azure AI services?
How can RAG be implemented using Databricks?
How can RAG be secured for enterprise applications?
What is permission-aware retrieval in RAG?
How do you prevent unauthorized data from being retrieved?
How do you protect sensitive information in RAG?
How do you evaluate a RAG system?
What are the key RAG evaluation metrics?
What are context precision and context recall in RAG evaluation?
What are faithfulness and answer relevancy in RAG evaluation?
What is RAGAS and how is it used to evaluate RAG systems?
How do you monitor a production RAG system?
How do you optimize RAG latency and cost?
How do you design a scalable enterprise RAG architecture?
How do you build a production-ready RAG system for Agentic AI?