#Design-pattern

Question count - 0     Last updated    - V3 (22-Oct-2021)

Define creational design patterns?

Define a factory with respect to software development?

What are Design Patterns?

What is Gang of Four GOF?

What are J2EE Patterns?

What is Factory pattern?

What is Abstract Factory pattern?

What is Singleton pattern?

What are the difference between a static class and a singleton class?

What is the benefit of Factory pattern?

What is Builder pattern?

What is Prototype pattern?

What is Adapter pattern?

What is Bridge pattern?

What is Filter pattern?

What is Composite pattern?

What is Decorator pattern?

What is Facade pattern?

What is Flyweight pattern?

What is Proxy pattern?

What is Chain of Responsibility pattern?

What is Command pattern?

What is Interpreter pattern?

What is Iterator pattern?

What are the entities of Service Locator pattern?

What is Mediator pattern?

What is Memento pattern?

What is Observer pattern?

What is state pattern?

What is Null Object pattern?

What is Strategy pattern?

What is Template pattern?

What is Visitor pattern?

What is MVC pattern?

What is Business Delegate pattern?

What is Composite Entity pattern?

What is Data Access Object PatternDAO pattern?

What is Front Controller pattern?

What is Intercepting Filter pattern?

What are the entities of Intercepting Filter pattern?

What is Service Locator pattern?

What is Transfer Object pattern?

What is Observer design pattern in Java? When do you use Observer pattern in Java?

What is decorator pattern in Java? Can you give an example of Decorator pattern?

What is Singleton pattern in Java?

What is Factory pattern in Java? What is advantage of using static factory method to create object?

What is Open closed design principle in Java?

What is Builder design pattern in Java? When do you use Builder pattern ?

What is difference between Abstraction and Encapsulation in Java?

What is design patterns ? Have you used any design pattern in your code ?

What is Singleton design pattern in Java ? write code for thread-safe singleton in Java?

What is main benefit of using factory pattern ? Where do you use it?

What is observer design pattern in Java?

What is Gang of Four (GOF)?

What is Data Access Object Pattern(DAO) pattern?

Name types of Design Patterns?

Name the creational design pattern that provides abstraction one level higher than the factory pattern?

Name some of the design patterns which are used in JDK library.

Name the actor classes used in Memento pattern.

Name the actor classes used in Observer pattern.

Why is access to non-static variables not allowed from static methods in Java?

Which object oriented method is used by the creational patterns to instantiate object?

How can you create Singleton class in java?

How to prevent cloning of a singleton object?

When Prototype pattern is to be used?

When to use Strategy Design Pattern in Java?

When to use Composite design Pattern in Java? Have you used previously in your project?

When to use Template method design Pattern in Java?

When to use Setter and Constructor Injection in Dependency Injection pattern?

When to use Adapter pattern in Java? Have you used it before in your project?

When do you overload a method in Java and when do you override it?

When will you use a Factory Pattern?

Difference between Strategy and State design Pattern in Java?

Difference between Decorator and Proxy pattern in Java?

A class instance can be created using new operator. Why should we use creational design patterns to create objects?

Can we create a clone of a singleton object?

Can you write thread-safe Singleton in Java?

Can you write code to implement producer consumer design pattern in Java?

Can you give an example of SOLID design principles in Java?

Can you name few design patterns used in standard JDK library?

Design a Vending Machine which can accept different coins, deliver different products?

Design ATM Machine?

Design a Concurrent Rule pipeline in Java?

Give an example where Interpreter pattern is used?

Give an example where you prefer abstract class over interface?

Give example of decorator design pattern in Java ? Does it operate on object level or class level?

Give an example of Adapter pattern.

Given below is a class that provides a static factory method. Write a class to use this factory method?

You have a Smartphone class and will have derived classes like IPhone, AndroidPhone,WindowsMobilePhone?

Can I have html form property without associated getter and setter formbean methods?

Can we handle exceptions in Struts programmatically?

Does Struts2 action and interceptors are thread safe?

For a single Struts application, can we have multiple struts-config.xml files?

Is Struts Framework part of J2EE?

Is Struts thread safe?

• Decomposition Patterns
  • Decompose by Business Capability
  • Decompose by Subdomain
  • Decompose by Transaction
  • Strangler Pattern
  • Bulkhead Pattern
  • Sidecar design Pattern -An extra container in your pod to enhance or extend the functionality of the main container
  • Ambassador pattern - A container that proxy the network connection to the main container.
  • Adapter pattern - A container that transform output of the main container.
• Integration Patterns
  • API Gateway Pattern
  • Aggregator Pattern
  • Proxy Pattern
  • Client-Side UI Composition Pattern
  • Gateway routing Pattern
  • Chained microservice Pattern
  • Branch Pattern
• Database Patterns
  • Database per Service
  • Shared Database per Service
  • CQRS
  • Event sourcing
  • Saga Pattern
• Observability Patterns
  • Log Aggregation
  • Performance Metrics
  • Distributed Tracing
  • Health Check
• Cross-Cutting Concern Patterns
  • External Configuration
  • Service Discovery Pattern
  • Circuit Breaker Pattern
  • Blue-Green Deployment Pattern

Related Post : DSA Microservice

Event listener

• ContextClosedEvent: This event is called when the context is closed

• ContextRefreshedEvent:  This event is called when the context is initialized or refresehed

• ReuquestHandledEvent: This event is called when the web context handles request

RowMapper

• Used to convert resultset row into a different object representation

• The result set object is passed into a mapRow method and it returns an object

RowCallbackHandler

• Resultset is the general way to navigate records

• Spring framework provides RowCallbackHandler interface for navigation

• The method processRow() can be implemented for use of navigation and handling each row

• Void processRow(ResultSetrs)

Transaction management

Declarative transaction management

• This means you separate transaction management from the business code. 

• You only use annotations or xml configurations to manage the transactions. 

• Large amount of transaction this approach is better.

Programmatic transaction management: 

• This means that you have to manage the transaction with the help of programming. 

• That gives you extreme flexibility but it’s difficult to maintain. 

• Less amount of transaction this method is advised to use.

Exception handling

• Controller based - Define exception handler methods in the controller class. Annotate these methods using @ExceptionHandler.

• Global Exception handler -  @ControllerAdvice annotation that can be used with any class to define our global exception handler.

• HandlerExceptionResolver - This interface can be used to create global exception handler.

LifeCycle

• Spring beans are initialized by the spring Applicationcontext and it also injects all the dependencies of  it.

• The context is destroyed it also destroys all the initialized beans

• Post initialization - Implement InitializingBean interface and afterPropertiesSet() method

• Pre destroy - Implement DisposableBean interface and destroy() method

• Post initialization and pre destroy methods are recommended since its tightly coupled

• Providing init-method and destroy-method attribute values in the configuration file and this is the recommended approach.

• As part of annotation @PostConstruct and @Predestroy annotations are used for post initialization and pre destroy.

Methods of bean life cycle

• Setup: called when bean is loaded into the container

• Teardown: called when the bean is unloaded into the container

Load on startup

• This is part of web.xml which will be <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

• Helps to load the servlet at the time of deployment or server start if the value is positive

• This is also known as pre initialization of the servlet

• Advantage of using this parameter is it will take less time for responding to the first request

• Container loads the servlet with ascending integer values like 0, 1, 2, 3 etc

• If the negative number is passed as a parameter then the servlet will be loaded at the request time at the first request.

Session

Session

• By calling invalidate() method on session object, we can destroy the session.

Cookies

• You can use HTTP cookies to store information. Cookies will be stored at browser side.

URL rewriting:

• With this method, the information is carried through URL as request parameters. 

• In general added parameter will be sessionid, userid. 

HttpSession:

• Using HttpSession, we can store information at server side. 

• HttpSession provides methods to handle session related information.

Hidden form fields:

• By using hidden form fields we can insert information in the webpages and this information will be sent to the server. 

• These fields are not visible directly to the user, but can be viewed using view source option from the browsers. 

• <context:component-scan> and <mvc:annotation-driven />

• Add the <context:component-scan> and <mvc:annotation-driven /> tags to the Spring configuration file.

• <context:component-scan> activates the annotations and scans the packages to find and register beans within the application context. 

• <mvc:annotation-driven/> adds support for reading and writing JSON/XML 

Autowire

• In Spring framework, you can wire beans automatically with auto-wiring feature. To enable it, just define the “autowire” attribute in <bean>. 

• You cannot autowire so-called simple properties such as primitives, Strings, and Classes (and arrays of such simple properties). This limitation is by-design.

• no: Default, no auto wiring, set it manually via “ref” attribute

• byName: Auto wiring by property name. If the name of a bean is same as the name of other bean property, auto wire it.

• byType: Auto wiring by property data type. If data type of a bean is compatible with the data type of other bean property, auto wire it.

• constructor: byType mode in constructor argument.

• autodetect: If a default constructor is found, use “autowired by constructor”; Otherwise, use “autowire by type”.

Model and View object

• @ModelAttribute is the one which is used to bind the method parameter or method return value to a named model attribute and then exposes it to a view. 

• Can be used at method level or argument level

Spring-Component

• This automatically scans and registers classes as a spring bean which is annotated using @Component Annotation.

• <context:component-scan>  - This means you don’t need to declare that bean using the <bean> tag and inject the dependency, it will be done automatically by spring. 

• @Service, @Controller and @Repository are different forms of @component annotation

Controller Class

• @Controller is used in spring mvc to define the controller which are the first bean and then the controller. This makes it as a spring bean class. And this needs to be maintained in the Spring Application Context

• @RequestMapping: This is mainly for the presentation layer

• @Service is used to define the service class which holds the business logic in the service layer

• @Repository is used in Data Access layer

Types of Controller

Front Controller 

• It’s a single servlet (Dispatcher Servlet) which is responsible for receiving the request, delegate processing to other components of the application and return response to the user.

Simple Form Controller

• It’s used to control form data in web applications

• It offers form submission support and uses model/command object

• Supports features like invalid form submissions, validating form data  and normal form workflow

• If we need to handle form this controller should be used

• It also handle model object for binding and fetching data

Abstract Controller

• Supports caching

• Provides abstract methods which should be overridden by the subclass. 

• handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse)

Parameterizable view controller

• Returns view name specified in spring configuration xml file thus eliminates the need of hard coding view name in the controller class as in case of Abstract controller.

• This controller is used when you don’t need  to implement any logic in controller and just want to redirect to another view.

Multi Action Controller 

• Supports aggregation of multiple request handling methods into one controller and also allows you to group , related functions together. 

• It is capable of mapping requests to method names and then invoking the correct method to handle the particular request.

Opencv

#Rental and Lease

Rental and lease

Question count - 0     Last updated    - V3 (11-Jun-2021)

• Vehicle master

• Brands master

• Billing

• Receive Order

• Plan route

• Car inspection

• Service provision

• Vehicle tracking

• Car maintenance

• Driver tracking

• Fuel tracking

• Close order

• Assets management

• Quotations

• Procurement

• Prospects

• Contracts

• Financials

• License management

• Driver management 

• Maintenance

• Fuel

• Fines

• Traffic management

• Incident management

• Task management

• Disposal

Admin Module

AdminLogin

• AdminID

• UserName

• Password

• EmailID

• Department

Manger

• MangerID

• EmpName

• Address

• Qualification

• DOB

• Gender

• PhoneNo

• EmailID

• Designation

• Department

• DOJ

• Age

HR Manager

BatchDetails

• BID

• BatchID

• TotalNoOfEmployees

• ShiftID

ShiftTimeing

• SID

• ShiftID

• ShiftName

• StartingTime

• DispatchTime

• NoBatches

EmployeeDetails

• EID

• EmpID

• EmpName

• PAddress

• CAddess

• Qualification

• DOB

• VehicleRequire

• Gender

• PhoneNo

• Designation

• Department

• DOJ

• Status

• Age

• Time Span

• Image Path

ShiftSchedule

• SSID

• ShiftScheduleID

• EmpID

• Department

• BatchID

• EmpName

• ShiftID

• Routed

Maintenance Manager

DriverDetails

• DVID

• DriverID

• Name

• Address

• PhoneNo

• DOB

• DOJ

• Experience

• LicenceNo

• ImagePath

• NoOfAccident

VehicleDetails

• VHID

• VehicleID

• Name

• VenderID

• DriverID

• VehicleType

• RegistorNo

• RateKm

• Capacity

• Routed

• ImagePath

VenderDetails

• VID

• VenderID

• VenderName

• Address

• PhoneNo

• EmailID

• Remarks

• ImagePath

SparePartBiiling

• BillNo

• VehicleID

• SpareType

• Quantity

• BillDate

• SparePart

• Price

• TotalAmount

SparePartsDetails

• SPID

• SparerPartID

• DealerName

• SparePartType

• Quantity

• SparePart

• DateOfPurchase

• Price

• AmountPaid

Movement Manager

DriverShiftDetails

• DSID

• DriverShiftID

• Name

• DriverID

• ShiftID

• ShiftDate

• Shifting

RouteDetails

• RTID

• Routed

• RouteDescription

• Source

• Destination

TripSheet

• TID

• TripSheetID

• AllocationID

• VehicleID

• RateKM

• KM

• TotalAmount

• Remark

VehicleAllocationDetails

• VAID

• VehicleAllocationID
• VehicleID
• EmployeeID
• DriverID
• PickupDrop
• Routed
• VDate

Finance Manager

VehicleBillingTransction

• BID
• BillNo
• VehicleID
• Amount
• DateOfBilling
• VenderID
• Deduction
• NetAmount

FeedBackFrom

• FBID
• FeedBackID
• EmpID
• VehicleID
• DriverID
• Remarks

Quality Assurance Manager

AccidentDetails

• ADID
• AccidentID
• VehicleID 
• ADate
• ATime
• Remarks

Related Post :

#Insurance

Question count - 0     Last updated    - V3 (08-Jul-2021)

What are the different types of Insurance Coverage?

What do you mean by ‘insurance coverage’?

What is a premium’?

What do you mean by term ‘Insurer’ and ‘Insured’?

What is the contestable period’ in insurance policy?

What is the difference between “revocable beneficiary” and “irrevocable beneficiary”?

What is no-claim bonus?

What is ‘declaration page’ in insurance policy?

What do you mean by ‘Loss Payee’?

What do you mean by ‘Deductible’?

What is Co-insurance?

What do you mean by term “Annuity”?

What is the Surrender Value?

What is Paid Value?

What happens if you fail to make required premium payments?

What is the difference between the participating and non-participating policy?

What do you mean by ‘Additional Insured’?

What is General Insurance policy? What does it cover?

What does ‘Indemnity’ term means?

What do you mean by term ‘Double Indemnity’?

What is subrogation?

What do you mean by term ‘cash value’?

What happens to the cash value after the policy is fully paid up?

What is thedifferent type of Life Insurance?

What is Elimination period in insurance?

What is an ‘Endowment Policy’?

What does it mean when company says “no physical exam”?

What is ‘group life’ insurance?

What is third party Insurance?

What is Personal Accident cover? Does it cover anywhere in the world?

What is ‘gap insurance’?

What is the difference between the ‘single limit liability’ coverage and ‘split liability coverage’?

What is ‘collision coverage’ and ‘comprehensive coverage’ in Auto insurance?

What is a ‘PLPD’ insurance stand for?

What is the difference between the ‘All perils’ and ‘Specified perils’ coverage in home insurance coverage?

What is ‘schedule of loss’ in home insurance?

What in case if my house completely damagein, fire or flood,and if I stay in a rented house, will insurance company bear all my additional living expenses?

How to claim the policy?

Who is the beneficiary?

In what all Instances you cannot claim your Personal Accident Insurance?

Can beneficiary claim the policy if the insured person is missing or disappeared for several years?

Can an individual take two policies and claim for both of them?

Does beneficiary have to pay tax on the proceeding of life insurance policy?

Does it cover silver or golden ornaments if I have ‘Home insurance’?

Is it advisable to replace the policy with another policy?

Is it safe to pay the premium through Insurance Agent?

Is it possible to get the full payment on cancelling the new policy in free look period?

Is it possible to restrict the premium payment for a lesser number of years than the duration of thepolicy?

Is it possible to convert a part of term life insurance into permanent life insurance?

To claim your personal property in a ‘Home insurance’ policy, how important is to keepinventory list?

Related Post :

HR-Performance management

 Appraisal

• Self-appraisal
• Department appraisal
• Regular increment
• Regular promotion
• Evolution by department with rating

Disciplinary action

• Complaint
• Enquiry
• Punishment
• Suspension
• Termination

HR-Time management

• Attendance management
• Shift management
• Time-in and Time-out management
• Overtime management
• Manual attendance
• Leave management
• Annual leave
• CPL leave – Cost per Lead
• Leave cancellation
• Comp-off
• Maternity leave
• Sick leave
• Short leave
• Casual leave
• Privilege leave
• Location wise leave
• Department wise leave

HR - Talent management

a. Goal management

b. Career management

c. Training management

Training time scheduling / Rescheduling

Room allocation

Training feed back

Assignment form

Reversal KT

Awards

HR-Organization management

• Recrement team
• Manpower planning
• Interview scheduling
• Request for hire
• Job posting
• Candidate management
• Internal hire and Referrals
• Screening and Evaluation
• Assessment management
• Selection and Offer management
• Document submission
• On-Boarding / Off-Boarding
• Workforce management
• Organization layout
• Department and Location movement
• Promotion and demotion
• Allowance and deduction
• Renew contract and end contract 
• Propagation period extend and Termination
• Employee movements - Normal, On-Request, Punishment, Increment

HR-Profile-Management

• Personal Information

• Bank Details

• Family Information

• Documents Attached

• Educational Qualifications

• Perquisites Details

• Previous Employment Detail

• Police Verification

• Member ship Details

• Health Record

• Personal achievement

• Rewards and awards

• Incentives

• Transport

#Asset Management

• Financial Asset Management. 

• Enterprise Asset Management. 

• Infrastructure Asset Management. 

• Public Asset Management. 

• IT Asset Management. 

• Fixed Assets Management. 

• Digital Asset Management.

#Cash management

• Cash clearing

• Cash inflow & Cash outflow

• Float - Float is the time interval between the start and completion of each step in the cash management cycle. Collection float, Disbursement float

• Cash management - Process

• Cash pooling

• Cash reconciliation

• Cash sources

#Mobile banking

Mobile banking

Question count - 0     Last updated    - V3 (11-Jun-2021)

• Balance Enquiry
• Stop cheque requests
• Cheque book requests
• Reports loss of ATM card
• Previous transaction report
• Cheque payment status
• Transfer of funds

Related Post : Core banking Invesment banking Online banking

#Online Banking

Online banking

Question count - 0     Last updated    - V3 (11-Jun-2021)

• Balance Enquiry
• Bill Payments
• Statement of Account
• Cheque book - Requests
• Reporting of loss of ATM cards
• Previous transaction report
• Cheque payment status
• Stop payment status
• Transfer of funds from one account to another
• Information services
• Interest rate for various deposit schemes and loan schemes
• Product features of various bank products

Related Post : Core banking Invesment banking Mobile banking

#Core Banking

Question count - 0     Last updated    - V2 (09-Jun-2021)

What is bank? What are the types of banks?

What is investment banking?

What is commercial bank?

What are the types of Commercial Banks?

What is consumer bank?

What are the types of accounts in banks?

What are the different ways you can operate your accounts?

What are the things that you have to keep in concern before opening the bank accounts?

What is ‘Crossed Cheque’ ?

What is overdraft protection?

What is (APR) Annual Percentage Rate?

What is ‘prime rate’?

What is ‘Fixed’ APR and ‘Variable’ APR?

What are the different types of banking software applications are available in the Industry?

What is the ‘cost of debt’?

What is ‘balloon payment’?

What is ‘Amortization’?

What is negative Amortization?

What is the difference between ‘Cheque’ and ‘Demand draft’?

What is debt-to-Income ratio?

What is adjustment credit?

What do you mean by ‘foreign draft’?

What is ‘Loan grading’?

What is ‘Credit-Netting’?

What is ‘Credit Check’?

What is inter-bank deposit?

What is ILOC (Irrevocable Letter Of Credit)?

What is the difference between bank guarantee and letter of credit?

What is cashier’s cheque?

What do you mean by co-maker?

What is home equity loan?

What is Line of credit?

What are payroll cards?

What is the card based payments?

What ACH stands for?

What is ‘Availability Float’?

What do you mean by term ‘Loan Maturity’ and ‘Yield’?

What is Cost Of Funds Index (COFI)?

What is Convertibility Clause?

What is Charge-off?

What ‘LIBOR’ stands for?

What do you mean by term ‘Usury’?

What is Payday loan?

What do you mean by ‘cheque endorsing’?

What are the different types of Loans offered by banks?

What are the different types of ‘Fixed Deposits’?

What are the different types of Loans offered by Commercial Banks?

What is ‘Bill Discount’?

What is ‘Bill Purchase’?

What is ‘Cheque Discount’?

How bank earns profit?

Do bank charge for ‘overdraft protection’ service?

• Account - Savings , Checking , Money market , Certificates of deposit (CDs), Retirement
• ATM
• Deposits
• Loans
• Cash Credit
• Bills
• Letter of Credit
• Letter of Guarantee
• Customer
• Remittance
• Forex
• Cash
• Clearing
• Lockers
• General Ledger
• Customer
• Administration
• System Control
• ALM and Treasury Management

Related Post : Invesment banking Mobile banking Online banking

AWS-KMS

• KMS stands for Key Management Service. 

• It is a managed service by AWS that makes easy to create and control the encryption keys, which further used to encrypt data.

• It provides centralized key management.

• It provides integration with other AWS services.

• It works with CloudTrail to provide logs of API calls made to or by KMS.

• It is secure as AWS stores these keys using FIPS 140-2 validated hardware modules.

• It is low cost and fully compliant service.

• It allows us to centrally manage and securely store our encryption keys. 

• We can set usage policies on these keys that determine which users can use them to encrypt and decrypt data.

• AWS KMS is a managed service that enables to easily create & control the keys used for cryptographic operations.

• Automatic key rotation is not supported for asymmetric CMKs.

• Users cannot use the custom key store functionality with asymmetric keys nor can they import asymmetric keys into KMS.

• It supports symmetric and asymmetric CMKs.

• It provides symmetric data keys and asymmetric data key pairs that are designed to be used for client-side cryptography outside of KMS.

• It prices are unaffected by the use of a custom key store.

• It FIPS 140-2 validated HTTPS endpoints are powered by the OpenSSL FIPS Object Module.

• The symmetric data keys can be exported using either the 'GenerateDataKey' API or the 'GenerateDataKeyWithoutPlaintext' API.

• Users must use AWS KMS APIs directly or through the AWS SDK to integrate signing & encryption capabilities into their applications.

• It is integrated with AWS CloudTrail to provide logs of all key usage to help regulatory & compliance needs.

#Blood Bank Management

Blood Bag Management

Blood Requisition (Donation)

Blood Issuance

Blood Storage

Patient Blood Donation

#Pharmacy Management

• Prescription Based Direct Sale

• Medicine Barcode Generation

• Batchwise Pricing

• Medicine Expiry

• Medicine Manufacture

• Medicine Lot Locking

• Stock Move on Invoicing

Stock Management System

• Purchase and Inventory Management

• Purchase Orders

• Stock Moves

• Stock in Multiple Locations

#Patient Billing

• OPD Billing

• IPD Billing

• Track Discounts, Refunds & Collection

• Insurance Claim Management

• Package Billing

#Laboratory & Diagnostic Management

• Lab Requests

• Lab Tests

• Lab test Invoicing

• Lab Request Report

• Lab Test Result Report

• Lab Test Result Imaging

• X-Rays

• Pathology

• Radiology

#IPD Management

• Wards Management

• Bed Management

• Hospitalization Check-list

• Surgeries

• Operation Theater

• Pre-Operation Checklists & Post-Operation Checklists

• Diet Plans

• Admission, Discharge & Transfer

• Discharge Invoice Creation

#OPD / Appointment Management

• Treatment Management

• Appointment Management

• Patient Waiting & Consultation Time Tracking

• Automation to find it’s Consultation or Follow-up

• Online Appointment Booking

• Patient Queue Management

#Physician Management

• Physicians Information

• Physicians Specialties.

• Physicians Degrees.

• Referring Doctor

• Physician Dashboards to have a clear view.

Patient Management

• Patient Registration

• Patient Basic Details

• Patient Registration Cards, Barcode Print

• Registration Notification

• Birthday Greetings

• Patient Photo Capture

• Medical Alerts of Diseases

• Vaccination

• Insurance

• Patient Portal Access

#Networking

• ISO-The OSI model is a product of the Open Systems Interconnection project at the International Organization for Standardization. ISO is a voluntary organization.
• OSI Model-Open System Interconnection is a model consisting of seven logical layers.
• TCP/IP Model-Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol Model is based on four layer model which is based on Protocols.
• UTP-Unshielded Twisted Pair cable is a Wired/Guided media which consists of two conductors usually copper, each with its own colour plastic insulator
• STP-Shielded Twisted Pair cable is a Wired/Guided media has a metal foil or braided-mesh covering which encases each pair of insulated conductors. Shielding also eliminates crosstalk
• PPP-Point-to-Point connection is a protocol which is used as a communication link between two devices.
• LAN-Local Area Network is designed for small areas such as an office, group of building or a factory.
• WAN-Wide Area Network is used for the network that covers large distance such as cover states of a country
• MAN-Metropolitan Area Network uses the similar technology as LAN. It is designed to extend over the entire city.
• Crosstalk-Undesired effect of one circuit on another circuit. It can occur when one line picks up some signals travelling down another line. Example: telephone conversation when one can hear background conversations. It can be eliminated by shielding each pair of twisted pair cable.
• PSTN-Public Switched Telephone Network consists of telephone lines, cellular networks, satellites for communication, fiber optic cables etc. It is the combination of world's (national, local and regional) circuit switched telephone network.
• File Transfer, Access and Management (FTAM)-Standard mechanism to access files and manages it. Users can access files in a remote computer and manage it.
• Analog Transmission-The signal is continuously variable in amplitude and frequency. Power requirement is high when compared with Digital Transmission.
• Digital Transmission-It is a sequence of voltage pulses. It is basically a series of discrete pulses. Security is better than Analog Transmission.
• Asymmetric digital subscriber line(ADSL)-A data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines than a conventional voice band modem can provide.
• Access Point-Alternatively referred to as a base station and wireless router, an access point is a wireless receiver which enables a user to connect wirelessly to a network or the Internet. This term can refer to both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth devices.
• Acknowledgement (ACK)-Short for acknowledgement, ACK is an answer given by another computer or network device indicating to another computer that it acknowledged the SYN/ACK or other request sent to it. If the signal is not properly received an NAK is sent.
• Active Topology - The term active topology describes a network topology in which the signal is amplified at each step as it passes from one computer to the next.
• Aloha-Protocol for satellite and terrestrial radio transmissions. In pure Aloha, a user can communicate at any time, but risks collisions with other users' messages. Slotted Aloha reduces the chance of collisions by dividing the channel into time slots and requiring that the user send only at the beginning of a time slot.
• Address Resolution Protocol(ARP)-ARP is a used with the IP for mapping a 32-bit Internet Protocol address to a MAC address that is recognized in the local network specified in RFC 826

Wildcard Router

• The main purpose of the Wildcard Router in Angular version 8 is to match every URL as an instruction to get a clear client-generated view. 

• This Wildcard route always comes last as it needs to perform its task at the end only. 

• It is mainly used to define the route of the pages in Angular 8.

Codelyzer

• Codelyzer in Angular version 8 is the open-source tool that is present on the top of the TSLint. 

• The main purpose of Codelyzer is to verify whether the Angular TypeScript 3.4 projects are following the set of linting rules or not. 

• It mainly focuses on the static code in Angular TypeScript. 

• The main purpose of the Codelyzer in Angular version 8 is to check the quality and correctness of the program.

Bazel

• Bazel is one of the key features present in Angular version 8. 

• It always allows you to build CLI applications quickly. 

• It is considered a built tool that is developed and mostly used by Google as it can build applications in any language. 

• The entire Angular framework is built with Bazel. 

• It allows you to break an application into different build units which are defined at the NgModule level.

• It provides you the possibility to make both frontends and backends with the same tool.

• Availability of incremental build and test options.

• In Bazel, you have the possibility for cache and remote builds on the build farm.

Ivy

• Ivy in Angular version 8 is considered as the Rendering Engine. 

• It was released in Angular 8 as Opt-in. 

• It has opted as the code name for Angular’s next-generation rendering pipeline and compilation. 

• By default, Ivy is intended to be the rendering engine in Angular 9.

Features

• Differential Loading to create two different production bundles of your app.

• New Dynamic Lazy Loading modules for imports.

• Supports Web Workers.

• Supports TypeScript version 3.4.

• Availability of New Workspace APIs and Builder.

• Bazel Support.

• Opt-In usage sharing.

• Ivy Rendering Engine: The new compiler for Angular version 8.

• ngUpgrade improvements.

Index

• An index is used to enhance the data output with SELECT and WHERE

• If we are using the INSERT and UPDATE commands, it slows down data input.

• Without affecting any of the data, we can CREATE and DROP them.

• We can also create a unique index, which is similar to the UNIQUE constraint.

• Create Index - It is used to create a new index by defining the index name and table or column name on which the index is created.

• Drop Index -  The Drop index command is used to delete the current index.

• List indexes - It is used to represent how to list all indexes in the PostgreSQL database.

• Unique Index - The Unique index command allows us to specify the unique indexes step by step.

• Index on Expression - It is used to specify an index based on expressions.

• Partial index - The partial index is used to display the use of partial indexes.

• Re-index - To rebuild one or more indices, we can use the REINDEX command.

• Multicolumn Indexes - It is used to display multicolumn indexes usage to enhance the queries with several conditions in the WHERE clause.

Subquery

• Subquery – write a query nested inside another query.

• ANY  – retrieve data by comparing a value with a set of values returned by a subquery.

• ALL – query data by comparing a value with a list of values returned by a subquery.

• EXISTS  – check for the existence of rows returned by a subquery.

Data Integrity

• Primary key 

• The primary key column cannot contain a null or empty value.

• The primary key column value must be unique.

• Each table can have only one primary key.

• Foreign key

• Referential integrity Constraint.

• In the parent-child relationship, the parent table keep the initial column values, and the child table's column values reference the parent column values.

• We have five different referential options - SET DEFAULT, SET NULL, CASCADE, NO ACTION, RESTRICT.

• CHECK constraint – add logic to check value based on a Boolean expression.

• UNIQUE constraint – make sure that values in a column or a group of columns unique across the table.

• NOT NULL constraint – ensure values in a column are not NULL.

• Explicit Locks, Advisory Locks

Table management

• Data types – cover the most commonly used PostgreSQL data types.

• Create table – guide you on how to create a new table in the database.

• Select Into & Create table as– shows you how to create a new table from the result set of a query.

• Auto-increment column with SERIAL – uses SERIAL to add an auto-increment column to a table.

• Sequences – introduce you to sequences and describe how to use a sequence to generate a sequence of numbers.

• Identity column – show you how to use the identity column.

• Alter table – modify the structure of an existing table.

• Rename table – change the name of the table to a new one.

• Add column – show you how to use add one or more columns to an existing table.

• Drop column – demonstrate how to drop a column of a table.

• Change column data type – show you how to change the data of a column.

• Rename column – illustrate how to rename one or more columns of a table.

• Drop table – remove an existing table and all of its dependent objects.

• Truncate table – remove all data in a large table quickly and efficiently.

• Temporary table – show you how to use the temporary table.

• Copy a table – show you how to copy a table to a new one.

• Insert – guide you on how to insert single row into a table.

• Insert multiple rows – show you how to insert multiple rows into a table.

• Update – update existing data in a table.

• Update join – update values in a table based on values in another table.

• Delete – delete data in a table.

• Upsert – insert or update data if the new row already exists in the table.

• Group By – divide rows into groups and applies an aggregate function on each.

• Having – apply conditions to groups.

Filter

• Where – filter rows based on a specified condition.

• Limit – get a subset of rows generated by a query.

• Fetch– limit the number of rows returned by a query.

• In – select data that matches any value in a list of values.

• Between – select data that is a range of values.

• Like – filter data based on pattern matching.

• Is Null – check if a value is null or not.

Join

• Joins – show you a brief overview of joins in PostgreSQL.

• Table aliases – describes how to use table aliases in the query.

• Inner Join – select rows from one table that has the corresponding rows in other tables.

• Left Join – select rows from one table that may or may not have the corresponding rows in other tables.

• Self-join – join a table to itself by comparing a table to itself.

• Full Outer Join – use the full join to find a row in a table that does not have a matching row in another table.

• Cross Join – produce a Cartesian product of the rows in two or more tables.

• Natural Join – join two or more tables using implicit join condition based on the common column names in the joined tables

Datatype

• Structured: Array, Date and Time, UUID (Universally Unique Identifier), Array, Range.

• Primitives: String, Integer, Boolean, Numeric.

• Customizations: Custom Types, Composite.

• Geometry: Polygon, Circle, Line, Point,

• Document: XML, JSON/JSONB, Key-value.

Basic

• PostgreSQL is an ORDBMS [Open-Source Object-Relational Database Management System].

• PostgreSQL indexes are used to enhance the retrieval of data from the databases.

• It is written in C programming language.

• It is cross-platform and runs on various operating systems such as Microsoft Windows, UNIX, FreeBSD, Mac OS X, Solaris, HP-UX, LINUX, and so on.

• It is the existing database for the macOS server.

• MVCC (Multi-Version Concurrency Control).

• It supports multiple Indexing such as Multicolumn, Partial, B-tree, and expressions.

• SQL sub-selects.

• Complex SQL queries.

• Streaming Replication

• It supports transactions, Nested Transactions through Savepoints.

• Just-in-time compilation of expressions

• Table partitioning.

• It supports procedural Languages such as Perl, PL/PGSQL, and Python, etc.

• JSON/SQL path expressions

• Stored procedures and functions.

• For tables, it supports a customizable storage interface.

• It is compatible with foreign data wrappers, which connect to further databases with a standard SQL interface.

• It supports Column and row-level security.

• It supports different types of Replication like Synchronous, Asynchronous, and Logical.

• Active standbys, PITR (Point in time recovery)

• It supports WAL (Write-ahead Logging)

• It supports Internationalization, which means that the international character sets include ICU collations, accent- insensitive and case-sensitive collations, and full-text searches.

• In PostgreSQL, a table can be set to inherit their characteristics from a "parent" table.

• It is compatible with ANSI-SQL2008.

• It will help us to improve the functionality of Server-Side programming.

• We can install several extensions to add additional functionality to PostgreSQL.

SQL-Join

• SQL inner join - Equi join, Non-equi join (Theta join)

• SQL outer join - Left outer join, Right outer join, Full outer join

• SQL cross join

• SQL self join

SCR -Dependency injection

Constructor Injection

• It does not allow you to construct object until the dependency are ready. Partial injection is not possible.

• Every time the constructor is called and new object is created, hence the dependency can’t be overridden. Constructor injection is immutable.

• It uses the Index to inject the dependency.

• If there are more number dependencies constructor injection will be the better one since for setter we need to have more setter properties.

• primitive and String-based values, Dependent object (contained object),Collection values etc. can be injected using constructor injection.

Setter Injection

• Setter injections are more readable since the field name will be same in the setter method.

• Setter injection doesn’t ensure that all the dependencies are injected. Dependency injection may be incomplete. Partial injection is allowed.

• Setter injection overrides the constructor injection in case both are used in the application.

• Values can be easily modified using setter injection. It doesn’t not create a new bean instance always as constructor injection. Setter injection is mutable.

• Primitive and String-based values, Dependent object (contained object),Collection values etc. can be injected using setter injection.

#Education

Student Management

• Student Personal Details

• Parents Details

• Certificates Management (Extracurricular & Transfer Certificate)

• Class and Section Allocation

• Pass / Fail Entry

• Discharging of students

• Identity Card generation of students

Fee Management

• Fee Configuration Master

• Monthly Fee Collection

• Admission Fee Collection

• Other Miscellaneous fee Collection like Transportation Fee, Sports Fees, and Lab Fees etc.

• Fee Fine Collection

• Printing Of Fee Receipt

• Exam Terms Fee Collection

• Cheque Return

Payroll - Based on Allowances, Deductions, and Leaves

• Employee Master

• Allocation Of Allowances, Deductions and Leaves

• Attendances Entry

• Maintaining of Leave Record

• Processing Of Monthly Salary

Human Resource / Recruitments

• Advertisement Editor

• Maintaining Interview Schedule

• Maintaining Interview Results

• Final Recruitments

• Direct Recruitments

• Department Allocation

Question Paper

• Question Paper Editor

• Question Paper Browser

• Mark sheet Entry

• Processing Results on the basis of Secondary and Higher Secondary Classes

Time Table - Based on Shifts and Periods Time

• Schedule Allocation Master

• Class Time Table

• Teachers Time Table

Inventory:

• Item Master Details

• Items Below Reorder Level

• Departments-Wise Requisition Details

• Item-Wise Requisition Details

• Departments-Wise Inward Status

• Requisition Status

• Purchase Requisition Details

• Item-Wise Issue Details

• Issue Details

• Supplier-Wise Chillan Details

• Quality Control Statuses as per Chillan

• Supplier Quality Analyses

• Material Receipt Details

Accounts

• Ledger Making

• Payment Voucher Entry

• Receipt Voucher Entry

• Journal Voucher Entry

• Contra Voucher Entry

• Purchase Voucher Entry

• Sales Voucher Entry

• Closing Stock Entry

• Company Information Entry

• Changing Financial Year

• Salary Posting

• Fee Posting

Library

• Book Entry Master

• Event Entry Master

• Magazine Entry Master

• Damage/Loss Books Entry

• Subject Master

• Book Restriction Master

• Library Membership Information

• Book Issued Information

• Book Return Information

• Book Bank Information

• Library Fine Entry

• Staff Request Entry for Book

• Issued Book To Staff

• Book Searching Title, Author, Subject Wise

Teachers Report

• Teacher Performance Report

• Subject wise question paper

Students Report

• Student Detail Report

• Academic Performance Report

• New Admission Report

• Student Birthdays Report

• Identity Card Generation

Fees

• Date Wise Fee Collection

• Fine Fees Report

• Pending Fees Report

• Fee Concession Report

Payroll

• Allowances Reports based on Designation/Grade/Employee

• Leave Reports based on Designation/Grade/Employee

• Pay Slip Generation

Results / Examination Reports

• Class Section wise Results

• Mark sheet Generation

• Supplementary Mark sheet Generation

• Class Wise Question Paper Generation

Accounts Reports

• Group wise Ledger List

• Trial Balance Generation

• Generation Of Balance Sheet

• Generation Of Profit and Loss A/c

Library Reports

• Issued Book Report

• Book Bank Report

• Library Fine Report

Administrator

• Create a new user

• Define Access rights

• Year Ending and posting of data

Utilities

• Backup

• Calculator

• Search

#Logistics

• Labor cost

• Material cost

• Freight cost

• Fuel Cost

• Payment follow-ups with clients

• Maintenance costs

• Asset Management

• Import/export duties

• High Valuation Asset Tracking

• Maintaining stock records of materials

• Record of damaged goods

• Manpower management

#HealthCare

• Patient Management

• Physician Management

• OPD / Appointment Management

• IPD / Hospitalization Management

• Laboratory & Diagnostic Management

• Patient Billing

• Stock & Purchase Management

• Finance Management

• Blood Bank Management

• Pharmacy Management

• Inventory - Product Definition, Opening Stock, Stock Management, Batch Management, Expiry Management, Stocks Alerts

• Supplier management

• Manufacturer management

• Customer management

• Dosage management

• Packing management

• Rack location management

• Brand name management

• Medicine Categories management

• Patient registration

• Appointment scheduling – Consultation, Re-Scheduling, Treatment

• Admission discharge and transfer

• Accident and emergency management

• Patient billing – Product billing and Service billing

• CSR Activity Management

• HMS Report Header

• Mail Notification

• Medical Representative Management

• Patient/Hospital Document Management

• Department Management

• Department Based Record Sharing

• User Roles

• User Role Based Screen, Record Rules and Access Rights

• User Role Based Record Rules

• Department Management

• Gynec Management

• Physiotherapy Management

• Ophthalmology Management

• Pediatric Management

• Dentist Management

#E-com

Question count - 0     Last updated    - V3 (08-Jul-2021)

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• @RequestMapping, @RequestParam, @RequestBody, and @PathVariable

• @Controller and @RestController

• Embedded Server & War file

#Gradle

Question count - 0     Last updated    - V2 (19-Nov-2023)

What Is a Gradle Framework?

What Is Gradle Wrapper?

What Is The Gradle Build Script File Name?

What Is The Latest Version Of Gradle Available In The Market?

What Are The Core Components Of Gradle Build Script?

What About Publishing Artifacts To Maven Central?

What are a Gradle project and task?

What is Gradle Daemon?

What is Gradle Dependency Management?

What is Gradle Multi-Project Build?

What is Gradle Motto?

What is Gradle Build Environment?

Why Gradle Is Preferred Over Other Build Tools?

Why Are Compile-time Warnings Suppressed? You?ll Notice That ?build.gradle? Includes The Following Line?

How Do You Run Gradle Build?

How Do You Find Gradle Project Dependencies?

How Do I Check Out And Build The Framework?

How Do I Configure The Gradle Daemon To Speed Up Builds?

How do I force Gradle to download dependencies always?

How Gradle achieves faster performance?

When Will I Be Able To Play With This?

Difference between settings.Gradle & Gradle .properties?

In What Language Should I Develop My Plugins?

Will Existing Plugins Still Work When I Write My Build Logic In Kotlin?

Do I Have To Use Intellij Idea When Using Kotlin For Gradle?

Is Using Groovy For My Build Scripts Deprecated?

The Main Difference Between Maven Build.xml And Build.gradle Script?

What?s The Overall Roadmap?

Gradle

It is a build automation system that uses a Groovy-based DSL (domain-specific language ) It does not use an XML file for declaring the project configuration. It is based on a graph of task dependencies that do the work. In Gradle, the main goal is to add functionality to the project. It avoids the work by tracking input and output tasks and only runs the tasks that have been changed. Therefore it gives a faster performance. Gradle is highly customizable; it provides a wide range of IDE support custom builds. Gradle avoids the compilation of Java.