20 October 2020

#Docker

#Docker

Key Concepts


Topic SubTopics Basic Intermediate Advanced Expert
Introduction What is Docker, Why use Docker, Containers vs VMs, Docker Architecture ✅
Installation Install Docker on Linux, Windows, Mac, Docker Desktop, Docker Engine ✅
Images & Containers Docker Images, Layers, Container Lifecycle, docker run, docker ps, docker stop, docker exec ✅ ✅
Dockerfile Instructions (FROM, RUN, COPY, ADD, CMD, ENTRYPOINT), ENV, ARG, Multi-stage Builds ✅ ✅ ✅
Image Management docker build, docker tag, docker push, docker pull, image pruning, image digests ✅ ✅ ✅
Container Management Start/Stop, Restart, Logs, Inspect, Stats, Attach, Detached Mode ✅ ✅
Networking Basics Bridge, Host, None networks, Port mapping, Expose vs Publish ✅ ✅
Advanced Networking Overlay, Macvlan, Service Discovery, DNS Resolution, Encrypted Networks ✅ ✅ ✅
Storage & Volumes Bind Mounts, Volumes, tmpfs, Volume Drivers, Persistent Storage ✅ ✅
Docker Compose Compose Basics, YAML File, Services, Scaling, Environment Variables, Override Files ✅ ✅
Swarm Orchestration Init Swarm, Manager/Worker, Services, Tasks, Global vs Replicated, Load Balancing, Raft ✅ ✅
CI/CD Integration Jenkins + Docker, GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, Automated Builds, Artifact Repositories ✅ ✅
Security Basics User Permissions, Docker Groups, Least Privilege, Image Signing, Content Trust (DCT) ✅
Advanced Security seccomp, AppArmor, SELinux, Rootless Mode, RBAC, Secrets, TLS, Hardening Containers ✅ ✅
Monitoring & Logging docker stats, Logs, ELK Stack, Prometheus, Grafana, Fluentd, Centralized Logging ✅ ✅
Resource Management CPU Limits, Memory Limits, Reservations, Quotas, Control Groups (cgroups) ✅ ✅
Storage Drivers AUFS, OverlayFS, Btrfs, ZFS, Device Mapper ✅ ✅
Build Optimization Caching, Layer Reuse, Multi-stage Builds, Minimizing Image Size ✅ ✅
Deployment Strategies Rolling Updates, Blue-Green, Canary Releases, Zero-downtime Deployments ✅ ✅
Troubleshooting Debugging Crashes, Logs, Events, Networking Issues, Stuck Containers, Health Checks ✅ ✅ ✅
Backup & Migration Export/Import, Save/Load, Moving Containers/Images Across Hosts, Data Backup ✅ ✅ ✅
Registries Docker Hub, Private Registry, Harbor, Nexus, Artifactory, Image Mirroring ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅
Scaling Applications Horizontal Scaling, Vertical Scaling, Auto-scaling with Orchestration Tools ✅ ✅
Kubernetes Integration Docker with Kubernetes, CRI, Containerd, Podman, Service Mesh (Istio), Helm Charts ✅ ✅
API & CLI Docker CLI Basics, REST API, SDKs, Automation ✅ ✅ ✅
Hybrid & Multi-cloud Docker in AWS/GCP/Azure, Hybrid Deployments, Multi-cloud Strategy ✅
Immutable Infrastructure Concepts, Benefits, Golden Images, Infrastructure as Code with Docker ✅ ✅
Future Trends Rootless Docker, Podman, CRI-O, eBPF Integration, WASM + Containers ✅

Interview question

Basic

  1. What is Docker and why is it used?
  2. Difference between Docker and Virtual Machines?
  3. What is a Docker container?
  4. What is a Docker image?
  5. How do you create a Docker container?
  6. What is the use of docker run command?
  7. What is the difference between docker run and docker start?
  8. How do you list all running Docker containers?
  9. How do you stop a running container?
  10. What is the purpose of the Dockerfile?
  11. Explain the layers in a Docker image.
  12. What is the role of the Docker Engine?
  13. What is a Docker registry?
  14. Difference between Docker Hub and a private registry?
  15. What does the docker ps -a command do?
  16. How do you remove an image in Docker?
  17. How do you delete all stopped containers?
  18. What is the difference between docker exec and docker attach?
  19. How do you check container logs?
  20. Explain the purpose of the .dockerignore file.
  21. How do you build a Docker image from a Dockerfile?
  22. What is the command to pull an image from Docker Hub?
  23. How do you export and import a Docker container?
  24. Explain the difference between COPY and ADD in Dockerfile.
  25. What is the default network driver in Docker?

Intermediate

  1. Explain the concept of Docker volumes.
  2. Difference between bind mounts and volumes?
  3. How do you share data between containers?
  4. How do you persist data in Docker?
  5. What is a multi-stage build in Docker?
  6. Explain Docker networking modes.
  7. Difference between bridge, host, and none networks?
  8. What is Docker Compose?
  9. How do you define services in Docker Compose?
  10. Difference between Docker Compose and Docker Swarm?
  11. How do you scale services in Docker Compose?
  12. How do you pass environment variables into Docker containers?
  13. Explain the purpose of the ENTRYPOINT instruction.
  14. Difference between ENTRYPOINT and CMD?
  15. What is the use of docker inspect command?
  16. How do you check the resource usage of a container?
  17. Explain how Docker handles container isolation.
  18. What is the difference between an image tag and digest?
  19. How do you configure health checks for a container?
  20. Explain the concept of overlay networks.
  21. How do you update a running container?
  22. Difference between restarting and recreating a container?
  23. How do you use Docker secrets?
  24. How do you secure communication between Docker containers?
  25. What are some best practices for writing a Dockerfile?

Advanced

  1. Explain the architecture of Docker.
  2. How does Docker use namespaces and cgroups?
  3. What is the difference between Docker Swarm and Kubernetes?
  4. How do you deploy a Dockerized application in production?
  5. What are Docker service discovery mechanisms?
  6. How does Docker handle inter-container communication?
  7. Explain the concept of service mesh in relation to Docker.
  8. How do you configure resource limits (CPU/memory) for a container?
  9. How do you troubleshoot a container that keeps crashing?
  10. Explain the purpose of Docker overlay storage drivers.
  11. Difference between AUFS, OverlayFS, and Btrfs in Docker?
  12. How does Docker caching work in builds?
  13. How do you optimize Docker images for production?
  14. How do you reduce Docker image size?
  15. Explain the concept of immutable infrastructure with Docker.
  16. How do you migrate containers from one host to another?
  17. How do you integrate Docker with CI/CD pipelines?
  18. How do you implement zero-downtime deployment with Docker?
  19. Explain blue-green deployment using Docker.
  20. What are sidecar containers?
  21. How do you enable TLS for Docker daemon?
  22. What is Docker Content Trust (DCT)?
  23. How do you scan Docker images for vulnerabilities?
  24. How do you manage secrets in Docker Swarm?
  25. How do you use Docker in hybrid cloud environments?

Expert

  1. Explain in detail how Docker uses Union File System.
  2. What are the security risks with Docker containers?
  3. How do you harden Docker containers for security?
  4. What is seccomp in Docker?
  5. Explain AppArmor and SELinux in Docker security.
  6. How do you isolate sensitive workloads in Docker?
  7. How do you implement role-based access control (RBAC) in Docker?
  8. How do you monitor Docker containers at scale?
  9. What tools do you use for Docker logging?
  10. How do you set up centralized log management with Docker?
  11. Explain Docker swarm manager and worker roles.
  12. How does Raft consensus work in Docker Swarm?
  13. How do you troubleshoot Docker networking issues?
  14. How do you debug a container that is not starting?
  15. Explain overlay networks with encryption.
  16. How do you configure persistent storage in Swarm mode?
  17. What is the difference between global and replicated services in Swarm?
  18. How do you handle stateful applications in Docker?
  19. How do you integrate Docker with Kubernetes?
  20. Explain how container orchestration works.
  21. How do you manage multi-cloud deployments with Docker?
  22. How does Docker integrate with service meshes like Istio?
  23. Explain the concept of rootless Docker.
  24. How do you design a secure Docker-based architecture?
  25. Predict the future trends of Docker and containerization.

Related Topics


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