07 November 2020

#Maven

#Maven

Key Concepts


S.No Topic Sub-Topics
1 Introduction to Maven What is Maven, History and evolution, Maven vs Ant vs Gradle, Maven lifecycle overview, Maven installation
2 Maven Project Structure Standard directory layout, src/main/java, src/test/java, src/main/resources, src/test/resources, target folder explanation
3 POM (Project Object Model) What is POM, pom.xml structure, Project coordinates, Dependencies section, Plugins section
4 Dependencies in Maven Adding dependencies, Scope of dependencies (compile, test, etc.), Transitive dependencies, Excluding dependencies, Dependency versioning
5 Maven Repositories Local repository, Central repository, Remote repositories, Repository layout, Repository settings in settings.xml
6 Maven Build Lifecycle Phases overview, Default lifecycle, Clean lifecycle, Site lifecycle, How phases are executed
7 Maven Plugins What are plugins, Common plugins (compiler, surefire), Plugin goals, Configuring plugins, Plugin execution
8 Maven Goals What is a goal, Difference between goal and phase, Common goals, Running goals from CLI, Custom goals
9 Maven Archetypes What is an archetype, Default Maven archetypes, Creating a project using archetype, Custom archetypes, Listing available archetypes
10 Maven Properties Defining properties, Using properties in POM, System properties, Environment variables, Property inheritance
11 Maven Profiles What are profiles, Profile activation, Defining multiple profiles, Using profiles for environments, Profile inheritance
12 Maven Parent and Child Projects Multi-module projects, Parent POM, Child POM, Inheritance of dependencies, Module aggregation
13 Maven Dependency Management Dependency management section, Centralized version management, Importing BOMs, Overriding versions, Best practices
14 Maven Build Profiles Build configuration per environment, Active profiles, CLI profile activation, Conditional builds, Combining multiple profiles
15 Maven Repositories Advanced Repository mirrors, Repository policies, Deploying artifacts, Snapshot vs Release, Repository management tools
16 Maven Dependency Resolution Dependency tree, Conflicts and exclusions, Dependency plugin, Dependency convergence, Troubleshooting dependency issues
17 Maven Build Lifecycle Deep Dive Validate phase, Compile phase, Test phase, Package phase, Install and deploy phases
18 Maven Plugin Development Writing custom plugins, Mojo interface, Plugin packaging, Plugin parameters, Deploying plugins
19 Maven Site & Reporting Maven site plugin, Reporting plugins, Generating project site, Customizing site, Linking multiple reports
20 Maven Integration with IDEs Eclipse integration, IntelliJ IDEA integration, Importing Maven projects, Running Maven goals from IDE, Updating dependencies in IDE
21 Maven Continuous Integration Maven in Jenkins, Maven in GitLab CI/CD, Automating builds, Integration tests, Reporting test results
22 Maven with Git Version control of POM, Ignoring target folder, Tagging releases, Branch management, CI/CD integration
23 Maven Best Practices Standard project layout, Dependency version management, Plugin versioning, Avoiding SNAPSHOTs in production, Consistent build lifecycle usage
24 Maven Troubleshooting Debug mode (-X), Resolving dependency conflicts, Missing artifacts, Plugin execution errors, Clean builds
25 Maven Advanced Techniques Custom lifecycles, Custom plugins, Advanced profiles, Multi-module optimization, Build extensions
26 Maven and Spring Integration Spring Boot starter dependencies, Maven plugin for Spring Boot, Building executable JARs, Dependency management with Spring Boot, Multi-module Spring projects
27 Maven Security Securing repositories, Signing artifacts, Handling credentials, Using encrypted passwords, Dependency vulnerability checks
28 Maven Performance Optimization Parallel builds, Build caching, Reducing dependency downloads, Avoiding SNAPSHOT updates, Profile-based optimization
29 Maven Case Studies Real-world multi-module project, Dependency management strategies, CI/CD pipeline with Maven, Build failures and resolutions, Project migration to Maven
30 Maven Certification & Resources Official Maven documentation, Tutorials and blogs, Online courses, Community forums, Preparing for Maven certification

Interview question

Basic

  1. What is Maven and why is it used?
  2. Difference between Maven and Ant?
  3. What is the role of the pom.xml file?
  4. What is a Maven build lifecycle?
  5. What are the default build lifecycles in Maven?
  6. What is the difference between install and deploy phases?
  7. How do you run a Maven build?
  8. What is the difference between mvn clean and mvn package?
  9. How do you check Maven version?
  10. What is the default directory structure of a Maven project?
  11. What are Maven goals?
  12. What is the difference between validate and verify phases?
  13. What is the role of the target folder?
  14. How do you create a Maven project from command line?
  15. What is the use of mvn archetype:generate?
  16. How do you define project dependencies in Maven?
  17. What is the Maven repository?
  18. Difference between local, central, and remote repositories?
  19. What is the role of .m2 folder?
  20. What is a Maven snapshot?
  21. Difference between SNAPSHOT and release version?
  22. How do you skip tests in Maven build?
  23. What is the purpose of Maven compiler plugin?
  24. What is the role of settings.xml file in Maven?
  25. How do you run only specific tests in Maven?

Intermediate

  1. What is the difference between mvn install and mvn deploy?
  2. Explain Maven dependency management.
  3. What are transitive dependencies in Maven?
  4. How do you exclude a transitive dependency?
  5. What are dependency scopes in Maven?
  6. Difference between compile, provided, runtime, test, and system scopes?
  7. How do you resolve version conflicts in dependencies?
  8. What is a Maven archetype?
  9. How do you configure a plugin in Maven?
  10. What is the use of Maven Surefire plugin?
  11. How do you build a JAR file using Maven?
  12. How do you build a WAR file using Maven?
  13. What is the Maven Assembly plugin?
  14. What is the Maven Shade plugin?
  15. Difference between Maven Assembly and Shade plugin?
  16. What is the Maven Dependency plugin?
  17. What are profiles in Maven?
  18. How do you activate Maven profiles?
  19. How do you configure different environments in Maven?
  20. How do you skip a plugin execution in Maven?
  21. What is Maven release plugin?
  22. How do you handle multi-module projects in Maven?
  23. What is the parent POM in Maven?
  24. What is inheritance in Maven POMs?
  25. Difference between dependency management and dependencies section?

Advanced

  1. How do you create custom Maven plugins?
  2. Explain the internal architecture of Maven.
  3. How does Maven resolve dependencies internally?
  4. What is a BOM (Bill of Materials) in Maven?
  5. How do you use BOM for dependency management?
  6. What is the difference between import scope and compile scope?
  7. How do you enforce dependency convergence?
  8. Explain how Maven integrates with CI/CD pipelines.
  9. How do you integrate Maven with Jenkins?
  10. How do you integrate Maven with GitHub Actions or GitLab CI?
  11. How do you deploy Maven artifacts to Nexus or Artifactory?
  12. What is the difference between mvn site and mvn install?
  13. What is the use of Maven Site plugin?
  14. How do you generate project reports in Maven?
  15. How do you configure code coverage tools (JaCoCo) with Maven?
  16. How do you configure static analysis tools (Checkstyle, PMD, SpotBugs) with Maven?
  17. What are build extensions in Maven?
  18. How do you implement reproducible builds in Maven?
  19. How do you configure incremental builds in Maven?
  20. What is the difference between Maven wrapper (mvnw) and Maven installation?
  21. How do you handle circular dependencies in Maven?
  22. How do you override plugin versions in Maven?
  23. Explain dependency mediation in Maven.
  24. How do you configure parallel builds in Maven?
  25. What are some best practices in managing dependencies in Maven?

Expert

  1. How does Maven differ from Gradle?
  2. Explain the internals of the Maven build lifecycle phases.
  3. How do you implement enterprise-level dependency management in Maven?
  4. Explain Maven's interaction with Ivy and Ant.
  5. How do you design a corporate Maven repository strategy?
  6. How do you secure Maven repositories?
  7. What are repository mirrors in Maven?
  8. How do you configure mirrors in settings.xml?
  9. How do you configure authentication for private Maven repositories?
  10. What are wagon providers in Maven?
  11. How do you configure HTTPS for Maven repositories?
  12. How do you use GPG signing with Maven?
  13. Explain the lifecycle of Maven plugin execution.
  14. How do you debug Maven builds?
  15. How do you use Maven with Dockerized builds?
  16. How do you configure caching strategies for Maven builds in CI/CD?
  17. Explain Maven Reactor and its role in multi-module builds.
  18. How do you configure dependency substitution in Maven?
  19. How do you use Maven Toolchains?
  20. Explain polyglot Maven (YAML, Groovy POMs).
  21. How do you optimize Maven for large-scale enterprise builds?
  22. How does Maven interact with containerized microservices builds?
  23. How do you automate artifact promotion from snapshot to release in Maven?
  24. How do you implement versioning strategies with Maven in monorepos?
  25. Future trends: What is the role of Maven in the era of Gradle and Bazel?

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