| Python Basics |
Syntax, Variables, Data Types, Operators, Input/Output, Indentation |
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| Control Flow |
If-else, Loops (for, while), break, continue, pass |
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| Functions |
Defining functions, Arguments, Default values, Lambda, Recursion |
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| Data Structures |
Lists, Tuples, Sets, Dictionaries, Comprehensions |
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| Strings |
String methods, Slicing, Formatting, f-strings, Regex |
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| Modules & Packages |
Import, __name__, Standard Library, Virtual Environments, pip |
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| File Handling (I/O) |
Open/Close files, Read/Write, Context Manager, CSV/JSON |
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| OOP in Python |
Classes, Objects, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation |
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| Exception Handling |
try-except, finally, else, raise, Custom Exceptions |
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| Iterators & Generators |
__iter__, __next__, yield, Generator expressions |
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| Decorators & Context Managers |
Function decorators, Class decorators, with statement |
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| Typing & Annotations |
Type hints, typing module, mypy, dataclasses |
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| Multithreading & Multiprocessing |
threading, multiprocessing, GIL, async/await |
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| Asynchronous Programming |
asyncio, async/await, Event loop, aiohttp |
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| Memory Management |
Garbage Collection, Reference Counting, Weak References |
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| Python Internals |
Bytecode, CPython, PyPy, JIT, Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) |
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| Testing |
unittest, pytest, mock, coverage |
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| Debugging & Profiling |
pdb, logging, timeit, cProfile, tracemalloc |
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| Data Science & Libraries |
NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, Seaborn |
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| Web Development |
Flask, Django, FastAPI, Jinja2, REST APIs |
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| Networking |
sockets, requests, urllib, REST/HTTP APIs |
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| Database Interaction |
SQLite, SQLAlchemy, ORM, NoSQL integration |
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| Automation & Scripting |
OS module, subprocess, argparse, schedulers |
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| Packaging & Distribution |
setup.py, setuptools, wheel, pip, Poetry |
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| Version Control & CI/CD |
Git with Python, tox, CI/CD integration |
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| Cloud & Deployment |
Docker, Kubernetes, Serverless (AWS Lambda, GCP Functions) |
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| Machine Learning |
scikit-learn, TensorFlow, PyTorch, Transformers |
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| Data Engineering |
ETL, Apache Spark with PySpark, Airflow |
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| Security |
Cryptography, Hashing, SSL/TLS, Authentication, Secrets |
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| Best Practices |
PEP8, Code readability, Design Patterns in Python |
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