| What is IoT? |
| How does IoT work? |
| What are the core components of an IoT system? |
| Define smart devices. |
| What is the difference between M2M and IoT? |
| Name the layers of the IoT architecture. |
| What are some common use cases of IoT? |
| What is Industrial IoT (IIoT)? |
| What is Consumer IoT? |
| Explain the concept of a "connected ecosystem." |
| What are sensors? Give examples. |
| What are actuators? |
| How does a microcontroller differ from a microprocessor? |
| Compare Arduino and Raspberry Pi. |
| What is the function of an IoT gateway? |
| How does a GPS sensor work in an IoT device? |
| What is an ADC (Analog to Digital Converter)? |
| What is GPIO in hardware? |
| Name common power sources for IoT devices. |
| How do you select sensors for an IoT application? |
| What is MQTT? How does it work? |
| What is the use of a broker in MQTT? |
| Compare MQTT and HTTP. |
| What is CoAP? |
| Explain LoRa and its advantages. |
| What is Zigbee and where is it used? |
| What is BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy)? |
| What is 6LoWPAN? |
| What is the role of a MAC address in IoT? |
| Compare LPWAN vs Wi-Fi for IoT. |
| What is an IoT platform? |
| Compare AWS IoT Core, Azure IoT Hub, and Google IoT Core. |
| What is ThingSpeak? |
| What is Node-RED? |
| What is EdgeX Foundry? |
| What is device provisioning in IoT platforms? |
| How do you monitor device status remotely? |
| What is a digital twin? |
| What is OTA (Over-the-Air) update? |
| How do you debug IoT software remotely? |
| What is the OSI model and how does it relate to IoT? |
| What are PAN, LAN, and WAN in IoT networks? |
| What is an IPv6 address and why is it important for IoT? |
| How is NAT traversal handled in IoT? |
| What is mesh networking? |
| Compare star, mesh, and tree topologies in IoT. |
| What is a SIM card used for in IoT? |
| What are narrowband communications? |
| What is a MAC layer protocol? |
| What is NB-IoT? |
| Why is security critical in IoT? |
| What are the most common IoT security threats? |
| What is a DDoS attack in IoT? |
| What is secure boot? |
| How do you encrypt communication in IoT? |
| What is mutual authentication? |
| How do you ensure firmware integrity? |
| What is role-based access control (RBAC)? |
| What is TLS/SSL and how is it used in IoT? |
| How do you store sensitive data securely on a device? |
| What are the types of data collected in IoT? |
| What is real-time analytics in IoT? |
| How is big data related to IoT? |
| What is data aggregation? |
| What is stream processing? |
| What is time-series data? |
| How do you visualize sensor data? |
| How does edge analytics work? |
| What is latency in IoT data flow? |
| What is the role of AI/ML in IoT? |
| What is edge computing? |
| Compare edge and cloud computing. |
| Why use edge computing in IoT? |
| What is fog computing? |
| What are the benefits of edge AI? |
| How do edge nodes communicate with the cloud? |
| What are serverless functions in IoT? |
| What is a cloud-to-device message? |
| What is the latency difference between cloud and edge? |
| What are the main challenges in cloud-IoT integration? |
| What operating systems are used in IoT devices? |
| What is TinyOS? |
| What is Contiki OS? |
| What is RIOT OS? |
| What programming languages are used for IoT development? |
| What is FreeRTOS? |
| What is an RTOS and why is it important for IoT? |
| What is firmware in IoT? |
| What tools are used for debugging embedded software? |
| What IDEs support IoT development? |
| How do you test IoT hardware? |
| What are the key metrics for IoT performance testing? |
| What is stress testing in IoT? |
| How do you simulate IoT devices? |
| What is device provisioning? |
| What is lifecycle management in IoT? |
| How do you handle failed firmware updates? |
| What is remote device management? |
| What is device health monitoring? |
| How do you scale an IoT solution? |
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